American Words - a vocabulary set

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    consisting of only very basic information about a particular [[subject|http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/american/number-101]]

    from the practice in US colleges of numbering courses, the initial course normally ending in [[101|http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/101]]

    [img[101 01.png]]

    The usage of the term ''101'' grows up with the age of people using it.

    [img[101 02.png]]

    24 hours, 7 days a week

    [img[24 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] comments on her [[blog|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/07/anti-americanismism.html]], "4. ... I'm sure this one annoys some Americans too. Slang does that."

    The word 24/7 is positive for more than 1/3 of the Twitter population:

    [img[24 02.png]]

    American English

    British English

    [[Introduction]]

    used as a general reply to a greeting [[(11)|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/good]]

    [img[good 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it in her blog post [[(16)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/07/anti-americanismism.html]].

    It is spoken, and it is trending, according to [[COCA|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coca/]]:

    [img[good 02.png]]

    This is a vocabulary set. Actually, it is a mini encyclopaedic dictionary. We describe some Americanisms here. We chose to comment on the words mentioned by [[lynneguist|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] on her [[blog|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/]] in 2011. You can see Lynne at [[TED|http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jbu-eMcEF3s]]. We wanted to try and work as lexicographers compiling innovative dictionaries on the Internet. We also like to play with words and learn something new about them.

    We give you the words, their meanings, usage examples and various comments.

    The vocabulary set is here: ''Category: American Words'' at the bottom of the page. Enjoy browsing it.

    [[Sources]]

    [[Presentation|http://fokischool.org/prezis/introduction/amwords.html]]

    Enjoy. A. Khlebnikova, I. G. Naumov 2012

    [[Introduction]]
    [[Sources]]

    "American television personality [[Steve Allen|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Allen]] as the host of ''The Tonight Show'' developed the "man on the street" interviews and audience-participation comedy breaks that have become commonplace on late-night TV. Usually the interviewees are shown in public places, and supposed to be giving spontaneous opinions [[in a chance encounter|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vox_populi]]".

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] gives us an old-fashioned (possibly) phrase [[man-on-the-street interview|http://diigo.com/0rudg]]. It is now [[POS (people on the street interview)|http://www.ajr.org/Article.asp?id=3299]]. ''POS'' seems to be a journalist jargon. [["Average Joes"|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average_joe]] use ''man on the street interview'':

    [img[pos 01.png]]

    a vocabulary set

    American Words

    Dictionaries

    [[Macmillan Dictionary|http://www.macmillandictionary.com]]

    [[Merriam-Webster Learner's Dictionary|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/]]

    [[Online Etymology Dictionary|http://www.etymonline.com/]]

    [[Oxford Advanced American Dictionary|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/]]

    [[Wordnik|http://www.wordnik.com]]

    Other Sourses

    [[Corpus of Contemporary American English|http://corpus.byu.edu/coca/]]

    [[Corpus of Historical American English|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coha/]]

    [[Facebook|http://www.facebook.com]]

    [[Forvo|http://www.forvo.com]]

    [[Google Blogs Search|https://www.google.com/search?newwindow=1&output=search&sclient=psy-ab&q=grading&oq=&gs_l=&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.r_qf.,cf.osb&biw=1920&bih=961&hl=en#q=grading&hl=en&newwindow=1&prmdo=1&prmd=imvns&source=lnms&tbm=blg&sa=X&ei=YQ8KUO_uLfDOmAXt8MCiDQ&ved=0CGEQ_AUoAg&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.r_qf.,cf.osb&fp=160be0b0b7f53955&biw=1920&bih=961]]

    [[Google Books|https://www.google.com/#q=soccer&hl=en&safe=active&prmd=imvnsul&source=lnms&tbm=bks&sa=X&ei=nKXzT-KeCObk4QT62-XfBg&ved=0CGEQ_AUoAA&prmdo=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.r_qf.,cf.osb&fp=dbb35d5b132a96c8&biw=1920&bih=961]]

    [[Google Books Ngram Viewer|http://books.google.com/ngrams/]]

    [[Google Trends|http://www.google.nl/trends/]]

    [[Lexicalist|http://www.lexicalist.com]]

    [[neoformix|http://www.neoformix.com/Projects/TwitterStreamGraphs/view.php]]

    [[Pinterest|http://pinterest.com]]

    [[socialmention|http://socialmention.com]]

    [[TipTop|http://feeltiptop.com/]]

    [[Twitter|http://www.twitter.com]]

    [[Twitter Map|http://twittermap.appspot.com]]

    [[Unsuckit|http://unsuck-it.com]]

    [[Visible Tweets|http://visibletweets.com/]]

    [[Wikipedia|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page]]

    [[Wikipedia (Simple English)|http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page]]

    [[Wikitravel|http://wikitravel.org]]

    That'll teach you.

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about the phrase on her blog [[(40)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/07/anti-americanismism.html]], "If you express a 'that'll teach you' message, you're putting yourself above the person you were talking to. If you want to soften that grab for social/moral superiority, you make it a non-standard way of expressing it, in order to humorously put yourself down a (more BrE) peg/(more AmE) [[notch]]. To do this in an emphatic way, people who wouldn't usually do so sometimes spell/pronounce this as ''that'll larn ya''."

    [img[learn 01.png]]

    It is used humorously and often tweeted from [[iPhones|http://archivist.visitmix.com/d941672b/7#]]:

    [img[learn 02.png]]

    to behave [[badly|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/act+up#act_3__91]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it in her [[blog|http://diigo.com/0rsad]].

    [img[act up 01.png]]

    The phrase ''act up'' is [[negative|http://feeltiptop.com/]]

    [img[act up 02.png]]

    Utterance-final ''already'' is used to mark exasperation.

    This example is from [[COCA|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coca/]]:

    [img[already 02.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] writes about the final ''already'' on her [[blog|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/07/anti-americanismism-part-2.html]] (49).

    This is the result of the [http://corpus2.byu.edu/coca/ COCA] search for "base form of any verb + already + period":

    [img[already 01.png]]

    the numbers (in the [[format of XYX|http://diigo.com/0se96]]) for a particular area or city, that you use when you are making a telephone call from outside the local [[area|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/area+code]]

    [img[area code 01.png]]

    [img[area code 02.png]]

    The phrase is [[neutral|http://feeltiptop.com/]]:

    [img[2.png]]

    Jocelyn is from Carolina:

    [img[area code 03.png]]

    a [[car|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/automobiles#automobile__2]]

    <html><script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.forvo.com/_ext/ext-prons.js?id=83074"></script></html>

    [img[03.png]]

    The word is [[old-fashioned|http://www.google.nl/trends/?q=automobile]].

    [img[04.png]]

    And the MacMillan Dictionary agrees with [[that|http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/american/automobile_5]].

    ''Vehicle'' is probably the more modern synonym:

    [img[automobile 04.png]]

    a snug-fitting, hooded sleeping bag of heavy material for [[infants|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/search?q=+baby+bunting]].

    [img[baby_bunting.png]]

    [img[baby_bunting_01.png]]

    Оver the years, the popularity of the word grows:

    [img[baby_bunting_02.png]]

    the first set of teeth that a child develops, called also [[milk teeth|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/baby%20teeth]]

    [img[baby teeth 04.png]]

    The phrase ''baby teeth'' is [[negative|http://feeltiptop.com/]]:

    [img[06.png]]

    the length of a street between [[cross-streets|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/02/in-middle-of-our-streetblock.html]]

    [img[block 01.png]]

    [img[block 02.png]]

    to deliberately not do something that you said you [[would|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/blow+off#blow_1__241]]

    [img[07.png]]

    [[Lynne|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] had something to say about ''blow off'' on her blog (see [[Newsflash|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.ru/2011/04/skiving-bunking-playing-hooky.html]]).

    Here are some of its collocates from [[COCA|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coca/]]:

    [img[blow_04.png]]

    The phrase ''blow off'' is [[negative|http://feeltiptop.com/]]:

    [img[09.png]]

    a liquid made by boiling meat or vegetables in water, used for making clear soups or [[sauces|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/+bouillon]]

    /ˈbʊlyɑn/

    http://pinterest.com/pin/125537908333114211/

    [img[bouillon.png]]

    [img[bouillon 05.png]]

    The above examples are from [[COCA|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coca/]].

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it in her blog. Check it out at the end of this [[post|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/02/prototypical-soup.html]].

    The word came from French in [[1650s|http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=bouillon&searchmode=none]].

    soup made by boiling meat or fish and vegetables in [[water|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/+broth]]

    a liquid made by cooking things in water, then [[straining the things out|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/02/prototypical-soup.html]]

    [img[broth 04.png]]

    Older ladies use the word more [[often|http://www.lexicalist.com/search.cgi?s=broth]].

    [img[2.png]]

    1. decorations especially in the colors of the national [[flag|http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bunting]] OR (mainly BrE) a [[string of pennants]]

    2. a baseball [[term|http://derp.memebase.com/2010/10/22/hurr-durr-derp-face-derpball/]]

    3. [[an American bird|http://ibc.lynxeds.com/species/indigo-bunting-passerina-cyanea]]

    Lynne has an article about the [[word|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/04/bunting.html]]. She knows it as decorations from this picture pinned by a woman from Georgia on [[Pinterest|http://pinterest.com/lbmacky/americana/]].

    [img[bunting 01.jpg]]

    But some Americans know the mainly British meaning of the word. One example is this picture pinned by a [[woman|http://pinterest.com/cheryl_rathke/4th-of-july/]] from Colorado:

    [img[bunting 02.jpg]]

    We asked [[Grant Barrett|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grant_Barrett]] on Facebook about the word. He wrote,

    "I think I've always thought of it as any kind cloth decoration, typically for a political celebration."

    We asked Jon M. about ''bunting''. He is a teacher and a University of Arizona alumnus. Jon lives in [[Shenzhen|http://wikitravel.org/en/Shenzhen]], China. He knows the three meanings of the word:

    "1. A bird

    2. Decorations - probably red white and blue ribbons and decorations

    3. When you hold the bat in baseball to hit the ball with little energy to force a runner to the next base."

    We also asked Jeff W., an every day dude from Mid West. He teaches English in Shenzhen, China. Jeff knows the word only as that baseball term.

    to telephone [[someone|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/call]]

    [img[call 01.png]]

    The earliest entry of ''"call me back." (by telephone)'' in [[COHA|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coha/]] is in the play ''No Time for Comedy'' by Samuel N. Behrman (1939).

    a metal container in which food or drinks are  [[sold|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/can#can-2_1__2]]

    There is a good article on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin_can Wikipedia].

    [img[can 01.png]]

    [img[can 02.png]]

    The word has been used in this sense [[since 1867|http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=can&allowed_in_frame=0]].

    a company that provides a telephone or Internet [[service|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/carrier]]

    [img[carrier 04.png]]

    AT&T is one of the largest wireless carriers [[in the USA|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mobile_network_operators]]:

    [img[carrier 03.jpg]]

    a telephone that does not have wires and works by radio, that you can carry with you and use [[anywhere|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/cellular+phone#cell-phone__6]]

    [img[cell 01.png]]

    "But blessed are your eyes, for they see." [[Matthew 13:16|http://bible.cc/matthew/13-16.htm]]

    [img[cell 02.png]]

    to put a mark (✓) next to an item on a list, an answer, etc. ([[Oxford Dictionary|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/check sense 5]])

    The noun is ''a check or check mark''. Lynne had an interesting discussion on it [[here|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.ru/2007/03/ticks-and-checkmarks.html]].

    [img[check 01.png]]

    [img[check 02.png]]

    Americans have checked boxes since 1950s:

    [img[check 03.png]]

    shoes with cleats, often worn for playing [[sports|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/cleats#cleat__2]], soccer shoes

    [img[cleats.png]]

    [img[cleats 03.png]]

    ''Cleats'' is a popular word: 1,000 tweets in six hours:

    [img[cleats 02.png]]

    (often in names) a place where students can study for a degree after they have finished high [[school|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/+college]]

    [img[e.png]]

    Americans go to "college" after high school. See this entry on [[Wikipedia|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College#Origin_of_the_U.S._usage]].

    [img[college 01.png]]

    the sound that you hear when you pick up a telephone that means you can make a [[call|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/dial+tone]]

    [img[dial 05.png]]

    [img[dial tone 01.png]]

    Dial tones are not relevant to GSM cellular phones, and GSM subscribers will never hear a dial tone.

    a telephone service that you can use to find out a person's telephone [[number|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/directory+assistance]]

    See more about it on [[Wikipedia|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_assistance#North_America]].

    [img[dir asssis.png]]

    The term was coined in America in 1950s:

    [img[dir assis 01.png]]

    to not go to (something, such as school, work, etc.) ([[verb, sense 4|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/ditch Merriam-Webster]])

    [img[ditch_01.png]]

    Lynne feels she can more easily use it about work (''I ditched work to play [http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/ditch Scrabble] today'') and to mean that she left early, rather than that she didn't show up at all. [[http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.ru/2011/04/skiving-bunking-playing-hooky.html]]

    The word ''ditch'' is [[negative|http://feeltiptop.com/]]:

    [img[ditch_02.png]]

    a store that sells medicines and various other products (such as newspapers, candy, soap, [[etc|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/drug%20store]])

    [img[drug store 03.png]]

    [img[drug store 05.png]]

    a small bag attached to a belt and worn around the waist, to keep [[money|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/fanny+pack]]

    Check out the other terms for the same thing on [[Wikipedia|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanny_pack]].

    [[Fanny|http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/fanny]] is old-fashioned in AmE and offensive in BrE.

    [img[fanny_pack_01.png]]

    [img[fanny 01.png]]

    ''Fanny pack'' appeared in late 1960s:

    [img[fanny 02.png]]

    a device that controls the flow of water from a [[pipe|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/faucet]]

    [img[faucet_1.png]]

    [img[03faucet.png]]

    [[Google Trends|http://www.google.com/trends/explore#cat=0-11&q=faucet&cmpt=q]]:

    [img[faucet 03.png]]

    [[Moen|http://www.faucetdirect.com/ FaucetDirect], [http://www.moen.com/]]

    one of several possible manifestations of infection by [[erythrovirus|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythema_infectiosum#History]]

    [img[fifth 01.png]]

    The phrase was first used with this meaning in about [[1941|http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fifth%20disease]].

    It is trending only in case of an outbreak of the disease someplace, in [[this example in Hong Kong|http://www.neoformix.com/Projects/TwitterStreamGraphs/view.php]]:

    [img[fifth 02.png]]

    shoes or slippers that have flat heels or no  [[heels|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/flats (5)]]

    [img[flats 01.png]]

    [img[flats 02.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about them in her blog [[post|http://diigo.com/0rwgf]].

    People's attitude to ''flats'' is [[positive|http://socialmention.com/]]:

    [img[flats 04.png]]

    a soft drink flavored with the root of a plant known as [[ginger|http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginger_ale]]

    [img[ginger 02.png]]

    [img[ginger 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it on her blog. Check out the story next to the first [[picture|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/02/prototypical-soup.html]].

    the activity of checking and correcting the written work or exams of [[students|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/grading]]

    [img[grading 01.png]]

    [[Google Blogs Search|https://www.google.com/search?newwindow=1&output=search&sclient=psy-ab&q=grading&oq=&gs_l=&pbx=1&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.r_qf.,cf.osb&biw=1920&bih=961&hl=en#q=grading&hl=en&newwindow=1&prmdo=1&tbm=blg&prmd=imvns&ei=xAIKUNXxEInY4QTx4-jiCg&start=20&sa=N&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.r_cp.r_qf.,cf.osb&fp=ad4d1b0d4edbbb80&biw=1920&bih=961]], [[MYP @ Global Jaya International School Blog|http://gjismyp.wordpress.com/2012/07/19/mr-d-explains-the-grading-process/]]

    The word was first used with this meaning in the ''Atlantic Monthly'' in July 1876, according to [[COHA|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coha/]]:

    [img[grading 02.png]]

    to have a problem

    This meaning is recognized by most dictionaries: [[(1a)|http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/american/issue]], [[(2)|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/issue]], [[(4)|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/issue]].

    [img[issue 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] writes about it in her post [[(45)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/07/anti-americanismism-part-2.html]].

    The phrase ''has issues'' is [[very negative|http://socialmention.com/]]:

    [img[issue 03.png]]

    the practice of playing unpleasant tricks on someone or forcing someone to do unpleasant things; hazing is done as part of a ritual that people (such as college students) must go through before they are allowed to become [[members|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/hazing]] of a [[group|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazing]]

    [img[hazing 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it in her blog post [[(17)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/11/untranslatables-month-summary.html]].

    This "tradition" is discussed [[since 1860s|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coha/]]:

    [img[hazing 02.png]]

    warning or [[update|http://unsuck-it.com/heads-up/]]

    [img[head 01.png]]

    [img[head 02.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] writes about it in her blog post [[(21)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/07/anti-americanismism.html]].

    It is positive or [[neutral|http://feeltiptop.com/]]:

    [img[head 03.png]]

    We also see that Americans prefer not to hyphenate words.

    a shoe or sneaker extending up over the [[ankle|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/high-tops]]

    [img[tops 03.png]]

    [img[tops 02.png]]

    Hyphenate or not? COCA gives more hyphenated examples, but Pinterest users prefer two words.

    P. S. [[Mac Miller|http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_Miller]] is an American rapper.

    used to say something about an event that may or may not [[happen|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/if+and+when#if_1__69]]

    [img[if 02.png]]

    A Wordnik user put the phrase in her [[Department of Redundancy Department list|http://www.wordnik.com/lists/department-of-redundancy-department]].

    matters of interest only to [[insiders|http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/inside_baseball]]

    [img[inside 01.png]]

    [[William Safire|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Safire]] wrote about it in [[The New York Times Magazine|http://www.nytimes.com/1988/06/19/magazine/on-language-inside-baseball.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm]].

    One of the Wordnik users put the phrase in his list of [[California words|http://www.wordnik.com/lists/california-words]].

    to have a very strong desire ''for'' something or ''to do'' something — usually used as ''[[jonesing|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/jones (be)]]''

    [img[jones 03.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it on her blog [[(8)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/11/untranslatables-month-summary.html]].

    It looks like older males from Midwest and Southern USA normally use the [[word|http://www.lexicalist.com]]:

    [img[jones 02.png]]

    Feel free to listen about the word at [[this teacher's blog|http://teflinfoki.tumblr.com/post/27809675346/a-student-asked-me-about-jonesing-the-other-day-i]].

    closed, low-cut shoes with one or more straps across the [[instep|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_janes]]

    [img[mary 01.png]]

    [img[mary 02.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] writes about them in this blog post, look for the red text at the [[end of the post|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/09/shoes.html]].

    [img[mary 03.png]]

    The picture above is from [[Twittermap|http://twittermap.appspot.com]].

    mathematics

    [img[math 02.png]]

    [img[math 01.png]]

    To our surprise, the word is [[popular and positive|http://socialmention.com]]:

    [img[math 03.png]]

    to win a medal [[(47)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/07/anti-americanismism-part-2.html]]

    [img[medal 01.png]]

    [img[medal 02.png]]

    [img[medal 03.png]]

    with the word ''[[medaled|http://archivist.visitmix.com/7414c28e/7]]''

    a building in which movies are shown [[(2)|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/theater]]

    Here are some pictures from [[Pinterest|http://pinterest.com/search/?q=movie+theater]]:

    [img[movie 01.png]]

    [img[movie 02.png]]

    The earliest citation on [[COHA|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coha/]] is from 1920:

    [img[movie 03.png]]

    a person who cannot decide how to vote or who refuses to support a political party ([[Oxford|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/mugwump]], [[WWW|http://www.worldwidewords.org/weirdwords/ww-mug1.htm]])

    [img[mugwump 01.png]]

    It is a rare word:

    [img[mugwump 02.png]]

    sorry, I made a mistake [[(24)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/07/anti-americanismism.html]]

    [img[bad 04.png]]

    The earliest mention in [[COCA|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coca/]] is from the [[Bazaar magazine|http://www.harpersbazaar.com/]] of 1999. The phrase has been in [[Urban Dictionary|http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=my+bad]] since 2004.

    Most people tweet ''my bad'' from their [[phones|http://archivist.visitmix.com]]:

    [img[bad 02.png]]

    put under strain by lots of little expenses [[(15)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/11/untranslatables-month-summary.html]]

    [img[nickel 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] says, "The British like hyphens in compounds a lot more than Americans [[do|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.co.uk/2007/10/to-hyphenate-or-not-to-hyphenate.html]]." But she gives the hyphenated ''nickel-and-dimed''. This is what [[COCA|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coca/]] gives us: ''nickel-and-dimed'' 9, ''nickel and dimed'' 22.

    a slightly higher or lower level in a series of levels that measure [[something|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/notch]]

    [img[notch 01.png]]

    The usage of ''a notch'' has gone up a notch [[recently|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coha/ ]]:

    [img[notch 02.png]]

    [img[on 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it on her [[blog|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/02/in-middle-of-our-streetblock.html]]. She showed us her ngram view for a BrE [[collocation|http://ngrams.googlelabs.com/graph?content=on+the+high+street%2Cin+the+high+street&year_start=1900&year_end=2000&corpus=6&smoothing=3]]. Here is another ngram view for the AmE ''on main street'':

    [img[on 02.png]]

    HUMOROUS used when you do not go to [[work|http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/american/hooky#play-hooky]]

    [img[hooky 0101.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it in this [[post|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/04/skiving-bunking-playing-hooky.html]].

    Although ''play hooky'' is humorous, it is negative too:

    [img[hooky 02.png]]

    a shared meal (bring a dish to pass) [[(12)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/11/untranslatables-month-summary.html]]

    [img[potluck 01.png]]

    People talk more about ''potluck'' in the west of the [[USA|http://www.lexicalist.com/]]:

    [img[potluck 02.png]]

    a college teacher, [[academic|http://diigo.com/0rtga]]

    [img[professor 01.png]]

    The word is positive:

    [img[professor 02.png]]

    The Latin word ''[[professor|http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=professor&allowed_in_frame=0]]'' means "a person who declares to be an expert".

    formal high heels

    [img[pumps 01.png]]

    [img[pumps 00.png]]

    [img[pumps 02.png]]

    [[flats]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about them on her [[blog|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/09/shoes.html]].

    a promise for something postponed [[(10)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/11/untranslatables-month-summary.html]]

    [img[rain 01.png]]

    We usually  ask politely to [[''take a rain check''|http://www.neoformix.com/Projects/TwitterStreamGraphs/view.php]]:

    [img[rain 02.png]]

    кроссовки

    Roughly half of the US population says ''sneakers'', another half says ''tennis shoes'' (see the [[maps|http://www4.uwm.edu/FLL/linguistics/dialect/staticmaps/q_73.html]]).

    See more about it in this teacher's blog [[post|http://teflinfoki.tumblr.com/post/27530791871/sneakers-vs-tennis-shoes-this-is-from-a-way-with#disqus_thread]].

    [img[sneakers 01.png]]

    [img[sneakers wannabes.png]]

    [img[sneakers 02.png]]

    [img[sneakers 03.png]]

    a tiny fit of temper [[(5)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/11/untranslatables-month-summary.html]]

    [img[snit 01.png]]

    It is a negative [[word|http://feeltiptop.com/]]:

    [img[snit 02.png]]

    BrE football

    [img[soccer 04.png]]

    It is originally a British slang [[word|http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=soccer&allowed_in_frame=0]]. The other spellings were ''socca'' and ''[[socker|http://books.google.ru/books?id=DoweAQAAMAAJ&q=%22socker%22&dq=%22socker%22&hl=en&redir_esc=y]].''

    This is how the word was used in American English decade by [[decade|http://corpus.byu.edu/coha/]]:

    [img[soccer 01.png]]

    People in Dagestan like to google the word ''soccer'':

    [img[soccer 05.png]]

    (''Soccer'' is blue, ''football'' is red.)

    a food made by cooking vegetables, meat, or fish in a large amount of [[liquid|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/soup]]

    [img[soup 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it in this [[post|http://diigo.com/0rss2]].

    Some soups from [[Pinterest|http://pinterest.com/search/?q=soup]]:

    [img[soup 02.png.png]]

    absolutely inclusive; from absolute start to absolute end or including every related thing [[(21)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/11/untranslatables-month-summary.html]]

    Wikipedia has an article about [[the phrase|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soup_to_nuts]].

    [img[2nuts 01.png]]

    There is also at least one restaurant ''[[Soup to Nuts|https://foursquare.com/v/soup-to-nuts/4e25a7028877099df4c03a70]]''.

    Feel free to listen to this ''soup to nuts'' episode on [[this teacher's blog|http://teflinfoki.tumblr.com/post/27877153675/that-same-student-asked-me-about-the-phrase-soup]].

    competition or election won by tiny margin [[(30)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011_11_01_archive.html]]

    ''The Vikings also claimed three victories last week, including one '''squeaker''', 57-54 over [[Healdsburg|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coca/]].''

    COCA has six citations with ''squeaker'' for the period of time from 2010 to June 2012. The word is used in that sense five times. But the twitter people use ''squeaker'' mostly in other [[senses|http://www.neoformix.com/Projects/TwitterStreamGraphs/view.php]]:

    [img[squeaker 01.png]]

    ''a pennant'' is

    1. a long narrow flag with a pointed end, used mainly by ships, schools, and people who want to show which sports team they support

    2.  the flag that is the symbol and prize for winning one of the national competitions in professional [[baseball|http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/american/pennant]]

    [img[pennant 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it on her [[blog|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/04/bunting.html]].

    1,000 tweets with the word ''pennants'' were created in six days in yearly July 2012:

    [img[pennants 02.png]]

    Some ''strollers'' from [[Pinterest|http://pinterest.com/search/?q=stroller]]:

    [img[stroller 01.png]]

    [img[stroller 02.png]]

    [[This press release|http://www.marketwatch.com/story/britax-introduces-the-b-agile-double-the-companys-new-side-by-side-double-stroller-2012-04-24]] created some buzz in spring 2012, according to [[Google Trends|http://www.google.com/trends/]].

    to have a speech problem that causes you to repeat the beginning sound of some [[words|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/stutter]]

    The word has a [[Scrabble|http://www.wordnik.com/words/Scrabble]] score of only seven.

    [img[stutter 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it on her [[blog|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/01/stammering-and-stuttering.html]].

    Explore ''stutter'' with [[Google|http://www.wdyl.com/#stutter]].

    These charts are from [[Lexicalist|http://www.lexicalist.com/search.cgi?s=stutter]].

    [img[stutter 02.png]]

    look at

    [img[look.png]]

    ''Have a look'' is rarely used in contemporary AmE:

    [img[look 02.png]]

    1 a television or radio program in which famous people are asked questions and talk in an informal way about their work and opinions on various topics

    2 a television or radio program in which a presenter introduces a particular topic that is then discussed by the [[audience|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/talk+show]]

    [img[talk 01.png]]

    The first ever TV show began in [[1951|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk_show#History]].

    ''Talk shows'' are equally popular all over the USA, according to [[Google Trends|http://www.google.nl/trends/]]:

    [img[talk 02.png]]

    P. S. [[Justin Bieber|http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justin_Bieber]] is a Canadian singer and actor.

    a very small room or enclosed structure with a public telephone in it —called also [[phone booth|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/phone%20booth]]

    Here are some ''phone booths'' from the [[Pinterest|http://pinterest.com]].

    [img[booth 02.png]]

    [img[booth 01.png]]

    We don't need ''telephone booths'' [[any more|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coha/]]:

    [img[booth 03.png]]

    almost the worst option, but not yet the worst

    [img[least 01.png]]

    One of the most famous citations is by [[Donald Rumsfeld|http://articles.latimes.com/2001/dec/28/news/mn-18408]]:

    "I would characterize Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, as ''the least worst place'' we could have selected."

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] likes how Americanisms add nuance [[(2)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/07/anti-americanismism.html]]. As you see from the linked blog post, the phrase ''least worst'' is on top of the Most Hated Americanisms. It is originally AmE, but is used more in BrE now, according to these [[ngrams|http://books.google.com/ngrams]]:

    [img[least 02.png]]

    [img[least 03.png]]

    a store that sells used goods and especially used clothes and that is often run by a [[charity|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/thrift%20shop]]

    [img[thrift 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] wrote about it back in [[2006|http://diigo.com/0rpx2]].

    Most dictionaries put ''thrift shop'' first as a synonym for ''thrift store''. We see here on [[Ngram Viewer|http://books.google.com/ngrams]] how they are one step behind life:

    [img[thrift 02.png]]

    a toll-free telephone number is one that you can call without having to [[pay|http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/american/toll-free]]

    [img[tollfree 01.png]]

    The phrase appeared in 1970s and its usage is decreasing according to [[COCA|http://corpus2.byu.edu/coca/]]:

    [img[tollfree 02.png]]

    to communicate with someone that you have not seen for some time in order to find out how they are, what is happening, [[etc|http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/american/base#touch-base]].

    [img[touch 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] says,

    "I refrained from saying much about the BBC Magazine piece by Matthew Engel on '[[Why do some Americanisms annoy people|http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-14201796]]?' ... 9... Yeah, [[that annoyed a lot of us too|http://unsuck-it.com/touch-base/]].  Google 'pet peeve' 'touch base', if you'd like a show-and-tell.  Is it a baseball metaphor? That'll be especially peevable in the UK."

    [[poor people|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trailer_trash]] living in trailers or mobile homes, especially in trailer parks

    [img[trailer trash 01.png]]

    Here are some trailers for you from [[Wordnik|http://wordnik.com]]:

    [img[trailer trash 02.png]]

    The phrase is used in this belt from Pennsylvania to Texas to [[California:|http://lexicalist.com]]

    [img[trailer trash 03.png]]

    to reach a particular age ([[5c|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/turn]]), in this case, 21

    [img[turn 01.png]]

    [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] has the word [[(13)|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/07/anti-americanismism.html here]].

    (of a telephone number) not listed in the public telephone book or available from [[directory assistance]], at the request of the owner of the [[telephone|http://oaadonline.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/dictionary/unlisted]]

    [img[unlisted 01.png]]

    The phrase ''unlisted number'' is [[neutral|http://socialmention.com/search?q=unlisted+number&t=microblogs&btnG=Search]]:

    [img[unlisted 02.png]]

    ''Unlisted number'' is on [[Pinterest|http://pinterest.com/search/?q=unlisted+number]]:

    [img[unlisted 03.png]]

    This is what [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] has to say about [[the phrase|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/06/its-downup-to-you.html]]:

    "In BrE, one can say ''It's down to you'' to mean 'it's your responsibility to do that', whereas AmE would say ''it's up to you''. One does see ''it's up to you'' in BrE to mean 'it's your responsibility', or more specifically (as in AmE) 'it's your choice'...''Up to'' and ''down to'' have different connotations in BrE--''up to'' being choice and ''down to'' being serious responsibility.  AmE doesn't make any such distinction and has ''up to'' for both."

    [img[up2u 01.png]]

    The above picture is from [[Twittermap|http://twittermap.appspot.com]].

    The phrase enjoys its current popularity:

    [img[up2u 02.png]]

    /veɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/

    when schools are closed; time spent traveling

    [img[vacation.png]]

    The word appeared in English (obviously in Britain) in late 14th century. As the U.S. equivalent of what in Britain is called a holiday, it is attested from [[1878|http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=vacation&allowed_in_frame=0]].

    In BrE, it is a period of time when universities are closed [[(3b)|http://www.learnersdictionary.com/search/vacation]].

    Middle-aged people talk about ''vacation'' more often than [[teenagers or older folks|http://pinterest.com/pin/62698619782962228/]].

    ''Vacation'' was mainly a positive word in July 2012, according to [[TipTop (summary)|http://feeltiptop.com/#]].

    [img[vacation 02.png]]

    It is a name of the last letter of the ABC. This is what [[M. Lynne Murphy|http://www.blogger.com/profile/10171345732985610861]] says [[here|http://separatedbyacommonlanguage.blogspot.com/2011/12/zee-and-zed.html]] about it.

    "...it came to be decisively AmE, with [[Noah Webster|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noah_Webster]], specifying in his 1828 American Dictionary of the English Language 'Z.‥ It is pronounced zee'."

    This is a usage example of the word ''ez'' (easy).

    [img[ez 01.png]]

    Enjoy listening to [[this|http://teflinfoki.tumblr.com/post/38038036372/zee-or-zed-zee-of-course-if-you-speak-american]] on a teacher's blog.

    ''[[The Alphabet Song|http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5XEN4vtH4Ic]]'' goes like this:

    tee-U-vee

    double-u-eks-why-and-zee

    now I know my ~ABCs.

    next time won't you sing with me!